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In order to control fungal colonization and the related deterioration process of cultural objects, several chemical compounds are actually utilised. These products generally are toxic, not biodegradable and persisting for long time in the environment, also acting on not-targeted biological systems. In this study, specifically to wooden cultural object, Origanum vulgare L. and Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils are proposed as green biocides to contrast the development of Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger fungal species. The aim is replacing toxic products with natural molecules, proposing alternative methodologies supporting the using of non-toxic novel compounds safe for humans and environment

In this study diversity, distribution and ecology of freshwater centric diatoms from Bosnia and Herzegovina are presented. According to the literature review and conducted a field survey in this paper data about nine genera (Aulacoseira, Cyclotella, Discotella, Ellerbeckia, Lindavia, Melosira, Orthoseira, Pantocsekiella and Stephanodiscus) with 17 species are reported. New data about distribution are presents for four taxa as follows: Aulacoseira granulata, Melosira varians, Cyclotella meneghiniana and Discotella steligera. New species for the flora of the algae of Bosnia and Herzegovina presented in the paper is Orthoseira roeseana.

During a two weeks excursion to Campania in 2016, 36 lichenologically interesting sites were visited. The results of these field studies with special emphasis on lichenicolous fungi are presented, completed with data from the literature. The resulting list comprises 56 species based on original data (own recent records) and 29 species known only from literature ; now 85 species of lichenicolous fungi are known from Campania (80 non-lichenized, obligatory lichenicolous fungi). Among these, one species (Microsphaeropsis lichenicola) is new to Europe, one species (Feltgeniomyces luxemburgensis) is new to Italy and 47 species are new to Campania. The new species Endococcus collematis Brackel is described. Provisional descriptions are given for Arthonia sp. (on Pannaria conoplea), Capronia lecanorae ad int. (on Lecanora horiza), Lichenopeltella lecanoricola ad int. (on L. horiza), Polycoccum sp. (on Romjularia lurida) and Stigmidium sp. (on Xanthoparmelia conspersa). In the Table 1, a list of all noted lichens from the 36 visited sites is given

In Europe the moss Fissidens fontanus (Bach. Pyl.) Steud occurs from the Mediterranean countries to northern Sweden. Some of these occurrences particularly those in Italy and France are discussed. Sporophytes and gametangia are seldom reported and many field bryologists have never seen them. It was first discussed 180 years ago and occasionally mentioned since then that the capsules are caducous; this is sometimes unknown to European bryologists. The small capsules are the primary mode of dispersal rather than shed spores. Vegetative propagules and stem and leaf fragments are also dispersal agents.

A small cluster of yellowish caramel-brown macromycetes growing under Cistus monspeliensis L. in Nadur, Gozo, has been identified as a Cortinarius species for its rough morphology, weak cortina on the stipe, arid taste, spore print and shape. DNA sequencing using ITS primers has further resolved the determination to species level where a 100% match correspond to Cortinarius ayanamii A.Ortega, Vila, Bidaud & Llimona. Cortinarius is the largest genus in terms of species diversity in Europe, however, this finding is the first record of Cortinarius for the Maltese Islands. The ecology of the Maltese population matches with that reported in the species description, specifically as a mycorrhizal species with C. monspeliensis and C. albida from Catalonia, Spain. The lack of other records from mainland Europe may indicate that the species is rare in Europe, and its distribution is poorly known. A detailed account of the finding in Gozo is given in this work, including the habitat and morphology of the individuals accompanied by relevant photographs.

We present new data concerning lichen species of the Italian flora and confirm 36 national redlisted species.

Stara planina Mt. is one of the most important areas in Serbia considering bryophyte richness and specific flora. However, its foothill regions are somewhat neglected in the bryofloristic research. Focus of this study was Temštica river, located on the slopes of Stara planina Mt. The study is based on the specimens collected in the field, but also previously published bryophyte records were compiled to the species list. All together, total of 174 bryophyte species is known from Temštica river valley. Of these, 54 taxa were recorded in the area for the first time. Following three species are considered threatened on European level: Bryum funkii, Philonotis marchica and Sciuro-hypnum ornellanum, while significant number of found species is red-listed throughout region and European countries. River valleys proved to be important areas for preservation of specific bryophyte flora. These results represent basis for further bryological research, conservation measures and monitoring of endangered species.

The “Bosco Siro Negri”, a State Natural Forest Reserve located within the Ticino river valley (W Lombardy, N Italy), hosts a relict riparian forest dominated by common oak and field elm (Natura 2000 Habitat 91F0). The forest has been left unmanaged since 1950, representing therefore an important case study of a lowland habitat allowed to its natural dynamics. The bryophyte flora of the Reserve was surveyed in Spring 2014. Overall, 5 liverwort and 55 moss taxa are reported. Growth forms, substrate preferences, ecology according to four indices, chorology and distribution have been analyzed, in order to outline the bryophyte flora of the Reserve. About 21% of the bryophyte species of the whole Ticino River valley occur in the Reserve, which can be considered an important area for the conservation of bryophytes in the Po Plain, especially for forest-inhabiting species.