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New or revised plant records of 27 taxa (species and subspecies) are reported for central and southern Italy, of which 13 are natives and 14 aliens. Two native taxa are new for the Apennines, one is new for central Italy, nine are new or confirmed for Abruzzo and one is new for Marche. We excluded one previously accepted species from Umbria, one from Abruzzo, one from Molise, and one from Campania. Among the aliens, two species are new for Italy, six for Umbria, four for Abruzzo, two (one confirmed) for Lazio and one for Molise. Furthermore, we propose to change alien status from casual to naturalized for three taxa. Some discoveries are very interesting from a phytogeographical and/or conservation point of view. Additionally, several new locations for very rare species are reported.

A new lectotype and epitype are selected for Cynoglossum columnae Ten. The lectotype previously chosen by Selvi & Cecchi (2009) is regarded as unacceptable. The name C. columnae published three years later by Antonino Bivona-Bernardi is a later heterotypic synonym.

Following the first contribution for a new, updated, and revised vascular flora of Sardinia, this work adds new data on the distribution of 30 taxa growing in the island. The treated taxa are both native and alien, and are characterised by their rarity, phytogeographical significance, endemicity, conservation issues, or novelty to Sardinia and Italy. These updates result from floristic research mostly conducted in South Sardinia but include several discoveries from the rest of the island. The first report of Commelina erecta, Ficus watkinsiana, Morus kagayamae, Opuntia elatior (casual alien species) in Sardinia is documented here. Additionally, Casuarina glauca and Robinia ×ambigua, are reported for the first time in Italy (casual alien). Moreover, the confirmation of Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. chamaepitys is here provided. Furthermore, new distributional data for 23 taxa, some of which known for their rarity, are gathered. Notably, Elatine hexandra and Cosentinia vellea subsp. bivalens, previously reported only once in recent years, along with Elatine alsinastrum and Halopeplis amplexicaulis, which were indicated only for a few sites. For others, an expansion or an improvement of their distribution range on the island is documented, as for rare endemics including Artemisia campestris subsp. variabilis, Bellium crassifolium, Borago morisiana, Dianthus cyathophorus subsp. cyathophorus, Filago tyrrhenica, Helicodiceros muscivorus, _Limon...

This paper covers 21 taxa of native or introduced vascular plants that were recently recorded in the island of Gran Canaria. Five taxa are new records for the Canary Islands: Aegilops triuncialis, Aristolochia baetica, Dysphania pumilio, Holcus mollis and Ranunculus paludosus. Five are new to Gran Canaria: Anacyclus clavatus, Erodium touchyanum, Helianthemum ledifolium, Parentucellia latifolia and Scleranthus annuus subsp. polycarpos. Furthermore, new chorological data are presented for eleven rare or little-known species: Cynanchum acutum, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Euphorbia serrata, Ephedra fragilis, Helianthemum salicifolium, Krubera peregrina, Lupinus albus, Ornithopus pinnatus, Rhamnus crenulata, Serapias parviflora and Veronica cymbalaria.

Mt Symvolo is in the Kavala Regional Unit in North-Eastern Greece. This contribution to the flora of the study area consists of 777 taxa, which belong to 386 genera and 92 families. The most species-rich families are: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Rosaceae, whereas 28 families contribute with only one taxon. The most species-rich genera are: Trifolium, Vicia and Euphorbia, and 230 genera have only one taxon. Most of them are therophytes (329 taxa), followed by hemicryptophytes (254 taxa), phanerophytes (82 taxa), geophytes (81 taxa), chamaephytes (30 taxa) and aquatics (1 taxon). The high percentage of therophytes reflects the mediterranean character of the flora. Most of the taxa (356 taxa) are Mediterranean (175 taxa Mediterranean, 81 taxa Mediterranean-European, 62 taxa Mediterranean-SW Asian, etc.), followed by the Widespread unit with 327 taxa (156 taxa European-SW Asian, 47 taxa Paleotemperate, etc.) and the Balkan unit with 65 taxa (31 taxa Balkan-Anatolian, 24 taxa Balkan, etc.).

Plant species introductions are a major threat to biodiversity worldwide, being especially harmful in island ecosystems. These introductions have increased significantly over the past decades, and understanding their ability to spread along the invaded areas is one of the key issues for optimising management actions. This study provides new findings on alien plants in Menorca, an island declared a Biosphere Reserve in 1993 located in the western Mediterranean Basin. In particular, we provide chorological data for 16 taxa: four of them are a novelty for the flora of the Balearic Islands (Crassula tetragona subsp. robusta, Gazania linearis, Portulaca grandiflora and Turnera ulmifolia), and nine are new for Menorca. Furthermore, we provide new chorological data from four other taxa previously cited in other studies. Overall, we include 13 new taxa for the alien flora of Menorca, reaching a total of 326 taxa that represent approximately 23% of the entire flora of the island.